Abstract:

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Nigeria faces an acute vulnerability to climate change, characterized by escalating temperatures, erratic precipitation, and intensified extreme weather events, which collectively threaten socio-economic stability, food security, and public health. The nation's heavy dependence on fossil fuels, which account for over 70% of its greenhouse gas emissions and dominate its economy, exacerbates this crisis. This paper argues that a transition to a sustainable energy system is not merely an environmental imperative but a foundational strategy for climate change mitigation and sustainable development. We conduct a systematic analysis of Nigeria's renewable energy potential (solar, wind, hydro, biomass, geothermal) and energy efficiency opportunities. Moving beyond a technical assessment, this study introduces novelty by critically evaluating the interconnected policy, investment, and socio-economic frameworks required for a just transition. We highlight the risks of stranded assets in the oil-rich Niger Delta and propose innovative strategies for leveraging existing fossil fuel infrastructure and expertise towards a green economy. Our findings indicate that with integrated policy support, targeted investment, and community engagement, Nigeria can harness its abundant renewables to achieve energy security, reduce emissions, and foster inclusive economic growth, serving as a model for other fossil-fuel-dependent developing nations.

Keyward(s): Climate Change Mitigation; Sustainable Energy Transition; Transition; Renewable Energy; Energy Policy; Nigeria; Stranded Assets.

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